浓香型白酒窖池空间位置及窖龄对窖泥原核微生物群落的影响

采用高通量测序技术解析4年和40年窖龄窖池不同部位窖泥原核微生物群落组成，并分析窖泥理化性质差异以及其对原核微生物的影响。结果表明，除总酸外，4年窖龄窖池窖泥样品的平均含水量、pH值、铵态氮含量、有效磷含量和α-多样性指数均低于40年窖龄窖池窖泥，40年窖龄上、中、下、底层窖泥理化性质及α-多样性均相对稳定，且4年和40年窖龄窖池窖泥理化指标的差异主要体现在上层和中层。从门和属水平组成上分析，40年窖龄窖池窖泥样品微生物群落结构相对稳定，且与4年窖龄窖池下层和底层窖泥样品更为相似。冗余分析（RDA）结果表明，总酸、有效磷和pH是影响不同窖龄和不同窖池位置窖泥中优势微生物菌群分布的主要理化因子。

Effects of pit spacial location and age on prokaryotic microbial community in pit mud of strong-flavor Baijiu

Community composition of prokaryotic microorganisms in different parts of pit mud in 4-year-old and 40-year-old pits and the physicochemical properties differences of pit mud and their effects on prokaryotic microorganisms were analyzed. The results showed that, except for total acid, the average water content, pH, ammonium nitrogen content, available phosphorus content and alpha diversity index of pit mud samples in 4-year-old pit were lower than those of pit mud samples in 40-year-old pit, the physicochemical properties and alpha diversity of the upper, middle, lower, and bottom pit mud in 40-year-old pit were relatively stable, and the difference of physicochemical indexes of pit mud in 4-year-old and 40-year-old pit was mainly reflected in the upper and middle layers. According to composition at phylum and genus level, the microbial community structure of the pit mud samples in 40 year-old pit was relatively stable, and was more similar to that of lower, and bottom pit mud in 4-year-old pit. Redundancy analysis (RDA) results showed that total acid, available phosphorus and pH were the main physicochemical factors affecting the distribution of the dominant microbial flora in the pit mud with different pit age and locations.