陶融型白酒正常和退化窖泥细菌群落多样性解析及其理化影响因素

利用高通量测序技术解析陶融型白酒正常窖池和退化窖池窖泥细菌群落多样性及其在窖池中的空间异质性，并通过冗余分析（RDA）影响微生物群落的主要理化因素。结果表明，退化窖池窖泥的含水量（36.78%）、pH值（5.50）及铵态氮含量（23.48 mg/100 g）均低于正常窖池窖泥，而总酸含量（13.00 mg/g）和有效磷含量（27.32 mg/100 g）与之相反。窖泥中细菌群落存在明显的空间异质性。与正常窖池窖泥相比，退化窖池窖泥中主要优势细菌门厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）（64.32%）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）（12.58%）以及主要优势细菌属己酸菌属（Caproiciproducens）（3.03%）、嗜蛋白菌属（Proteiniphilum）（6.60%）、棒状杆菌属（Caldicoprobacter）（1.06%）的平均相对丰度较低。有效磷、总酸和铵态氮含量可能是影响不同质量窖泥细菌菌群空间分布的主要理化因子。

Analysis of bacterial community diversity in normal and degraded pit mud of Taorong-type Baijiu and its physicochemical influencing factors

The bacterial community diversity and spatial heterogeneity in the pit mud of normal and degraded pits of Taorong-type Baijiu (Chinese liquor) were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology, and the main physicochemical factors affecting microbial community were analyzed by redundancy analysis (RDA). The results showed that the water content (36.78%), pH (5.50) and ammonium nitrogen content (23.48 mg/100 g) of pit mud in degraded pit were lower than those of pit mud in normal pit, while the total acid content(13.00 mg/g) and available phosphorus content (27.32 mg/100 g) were in contrast. There was obvious spatial heterogeneity in bacterial community in pit mud. Compared with the pit mud in normal pit, the average relative abundance of the main dominant bacterial phyla Firmicutes (64.32%), Bacteroidetes (12.58%) and the dominant bacterial genera Caproiciproducens (3.03%), Proteiniphilum (6.60%), Caldicoprobacter (1.06%) of pit mud in the degraded pit was low. Available phosphorus, total acid and ammonium nitrogen contents might be the main physical and chemical factors affecting the spatial distribution of bacterial flora in the pit mud of different quality.