六类蒸馏酒中16种无机元素的测定及主成分分析

利用微波消解法对六类蒸馏酒样品进行前处理，结合电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对六类蒸馏酒中16种无机元素含量进行测定，研究不同类型蒸馏酒无机元素的分布规律并探讨酒样之间元素差异化原因。结果表明，16种无机元素的检出限为0.009～0.585μg/L，加标回收率为87.70%～109.60%，精密度实验结果的相对标准偏差（RSD）≤5.76%，符合样品检测分析要求。不同类型的蒸馏酒样品中，Mn、Ni、Pb、Cu、Fe、Cr元素含量均低于现有相应限量标准，Na或K平均含量在不同酒样中的占比最大，Al、K、Ca、Fe、Li、B、Ti、Cr、Mn、Cu、Sr、Ba、Pb、Ni元素含量在不同类型酒样中具有显著性差异（P<0.05）。KOM检验和Bartlett球体检验表明，该研究数据适合因子分析法，Li、Ni、B和Mn为六类蒸馏酒中的特征元素。

Determination and principal component analysis of 16 inorganic elements in six kinds of spirit

6 kinds of spirit samples were pretreated by microwave digestion method, and the contents of 16 kinds of inorganic elements in 6 kinds of spirits were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the distribution rules of inorganic elements in different spirits were studied and the reason of element differentiation among spirit samples was discussed. The results showed that the detection limits of 16 inorganic elements were 0.009-0.585 μg/L, the spiked recovery rates were 87.70%-109.60%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of precision tests results≤5.76%, which met the detection and analysis requirements of samples. In different types of spirit samples, the contents of Mn, Ni, Pb, Cu, Fe and Cr were all lower than the existing limit standards, and the average content of Na or K accounted for the largest proportion in different wine samples. The contents of Al、K、Ca、Fe、Li、B、Ti、Cr、Mn、Cu、Sr、Ba、Pb and Ni had significant differences among different types of wine samples (P＜0.05). The results of KOM test and Bartlett sphere test showed that the data of this study were suitable for factor analysis, and Li、Ni、B and Mn were the characteristic elements in the 6 kinds of spirits.