基于GIS的长三角城市群生态环境脆弱性综合评价

以长三角城市群为例，考虑该地区地表、气候、社会经济发展等特征，从人为因素和自然因素出发构建长三角城市群生态环境脆弱性水平评价指标体系. 同时，基于地学信息系统(Geographic Information  System, GIS)技术，综合运用主成分分析、熵权法、空间自相关分析等方法，对长三角城市群2010、2015和2018年生态环境脆弱性水平进行综合测度与时空特征分析，并识别其驱动因素. 结果表明:1）时序分布上，长三角城市群生态环境脆弱性水平升高，且由中度脆弱向重度脆弱过渡；2）空间分布上，生态环境脆弱性存在空间自相关性，且为显著正相关；3）2010—2018年，土地利用程度、人均GDP、工业二氧化硫排放量和建成区绿化覆盖率等是长三角城市群生态环境脆弱性的核心驱动力.

Comprehensive evaluation of ecological environment vulnerability of Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration based on GIS

Taking the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration as an example, the characteristics of the area's surface, climate, and social and economic development were considered, and an evaluation index system for the ecological environment vulnerability of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from human factors and natural factors was built. At the same time, based on geographic information system (GIS) technology, principal component analysis, entropy weight method, spatial autocorrelation analysis and other methods were used to comprehensively measure and analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of ecological environmental vulnerability level in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration in 2010, 2015 and 2018, and identify its driving factors. The results show that: 1) in terms of time series distribution, the ecological environment fragility level of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration has increased, and the transition from moderate fragility to severe fragility; 2) in terms of spatial distribution, the vulnerability of ecological environment has spatial autocorrelation, and it is a significant positive correlation; 3) from 2010 to 2018, the degree of land use, GDP per capita, industrial sulfur dioxide emissions, and green coverage of built-up areas are the core driving forces for the fragility of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.