钢制压力容器焊后热处理

焊后热处理是将压力容器放在热处理设备中加热到适当的温度,并在此温度中保持一定时间后,以不同速率冷却的一种工艺方法.焊后热处理的主要目的是为了消除残余应力和反作用力,使接头中的淬硬组织回火.焊后热处理的主要方法有炉内整体热处理、炉内分段热处理、整体炉外热处理、局部热处理等.热处理一般不改变压力容器用材料的形状和整体材料的化学成分,而是通过改变压力容器材料的微观组织结构,或改变工件表面材料的化学成分,改善材料的力学、物理和化学性能,从而提高材料的强度、硬度或改善其韧性,使材料达到要求的使用性能.本文对压力容器的热处理,进行简短的概括.

Postweld Heat Treatment of Steel Pressure Vessels

The postweld heat treatment is to take pressure vessel in heating treatment equipment to heat it to proper temperature,and keep this temperature for proper time,then cooling at different rate.Main purpose of the postweld heat treatment is to eliminate residual stress and reacting force to make the joint hardened organization tempering.Main methods of the postweld heat treatment include whole heat treatment in the furnace,step heat treatment in the furnace,the whole heat treatment outside the furnace,local heat treatment and so on.The heat treatment generally does not change shape of the pressure vessel and chemical composition of whole materials,but it can change microstructure of the pressure vessel materials,or change chemical composition of the workpiece surface materials to improve the material mechanics,physical and chemical properties,so as to improve the material strength and hardness or improve its toughness,which can make materials meet the required performance.In this paper,heat treatment process of pressure vessels was summarized.