综合物探法在岩溶塌陷地质灾害勘查中的研究与应用

为高效、准确地对岩溶区地质情况进行勘探，以有针对性地采取预防措施，避免造成进一步的损失，结合某岩溶区的地面塌陷案例，基于GprMax2D软件进行第四纪覆盖层中土洞的雷达波数值模拟，通过单一变量（天线频率、填充类别、异常深度）的成像图，对不同地质情况下的土洞进行分析，总结出规律。然后，对工区内的某填方路堑段进行瑞雷波勘探，初步确定了碳酸盐基岩中的岩溶、破碎带等位置与大小；最后，利用探地雷达对浅层第四纪覆盖层中的低速异常区进行圈定，推断出瑞雷波法未能勘探出来的覆盖层土洞及松散破碎带。后期的钻探资料结果显示，对该路段实施的综合物探方法基本准确、可靠。研究结果表明，基于瑞雷波法和探地雷达法的综合物探方法在地面塌陷岩溶区的不良地质勘查中具有良好的应用效果。

Research and application of karst collapse geological disaster exploration based on comprehensive geophysical method

In order to efficiently and accurately explore the geological conditions of the karst area,taking targeted preventive measures to avoid further losses,combined with the ground collapse case of a karst area,based on GprMax2D software,to carry out the radar wave numerical simulation of the soil holes in the Quaternary overburden layer,analyze the soil holes under different geological conditions through the imaging map of a single variable (antenna frequency,filling type and abnormal depth),the rules was summarized.Then,Rayleigh wave exploration was carried out on a filling cutting section in the work area,and the positions and sizes of karst and fracture zones in carbonate bedrock were preliminarily determined.Finally,the low speed anomaly area in the Shallow Quaternary overburden was delineated by using ground penetrating radar,and the overburden soil holes and loose fracture zones that can not be explored by Rayleigh wave method were inferred.The results of drilling data in the later stage showed that the comprehensive geophysical prospecting method applied to this section was basically accurate and reliable.The research results showed that the comprehensive geophysical exploration method based on Rayleigh wave method and ground penetrating radar method has good application effect in the poor geological exploration of the ground collapse karst area.