低成本船用燃料油生产方案研究

船用燃料油主要由减压渣油、加氢渣油、催化油浆、催化裂化柴油等组分通过调合手段生产；通过对高黏调合组分进行热改质以降低其倾点和黏度，可减少轻调合组分的用量，优化生产配方，降低船用燃料油的生产成本。W炼油厂原计划将通过直馏工艺生产的常压渣油作为低硫船用燃料油销售，采用常减压蒸馏-热改质组合工艺小试研究表明：优选合适切割点的减压渣油并对其进行热改质，可使减压渣油运动黏度(50℃)降至380 mm²/s以下；优选低硫调合原料，可以释放全部的直馏柴油及蜡油馏分，降低低硫船用燃料油生产成本。对于以减压渣油、优选重油F及催化裂化柴油为原料直接调合生产船用燃料油的H炼油厂，采用热改质-调合组合技术，可大幅降低减压渣油的黏度和倾点，中试研究结果表明，调合柴油量可以减少50%,大幅提升炼油厂经济效益。

STUDY ON LOW COST PROCESSING SCHEME OF LOW SULFUR MARINE FUEL OIL

Marine fuel oil is mainly produced by blending vacuum residue, hydrotreated residue, FCC slurry and FCC diesel oil, and its pour point and viscosity are reduced by thermal upgrading of high viscosity components, which can reduce the amount of light blending components, optimize the production formula and reduce the production cost of marine fuel oil. W refinery planned to use atmospheric residue as low sulfur marine fuel product. Through the application of atmospheric and vacuum distillation and thermal upgrading combination process, the lab-scale results showed that the kinematic viscosity（50 ℃） of vacuum residue with appropriate cutting point could be reduced to less than 380 mm²/s. Selecting low sulfur blending components can release the whole straight-run diesel and VGO fractions and reduce the production cost of marine fuel oil. The marine fuel through the application of thermal upgrading and blending combination process was directly produced by using blending vacuum residue, preferred heavy oil F and FCC diesel oil as raw materials in H refinery. The pilot test results showed that the viscosity and pour point of vacuum residue were greatly decreased, the amount of blended diesel could be reduced by 50%, and the economic benefits of the refinery could be greatly improved.