降低石油焦灰分的措施研究

根据高灰分石油焦的特性及应用领域，研究了降低石油焦灰分的措施。分析结果显示，石油焦灰分中的主要元素为O，Ca，S，Fe，Ni，Si，Mn等，金属和非金属元素对石油焦灰分的总贡献比例分别约为43%和57%。X射线衍射分析结果表明，在原油中Ca含量较高的情况下，石油焦灰分中的物质大都以金属氧化物的形态存在，尤其以结构较稳定的CaSO₄和CaO的比例为最高，两种含钙化合物在灰分中合计占比约为90%。对高钙原油实施脱钙处理，可以明显降低延迟焦化焦炭的灰分，且可减小CaSO₄和CaO在灰分中的占比。对原油进行深度脱钙后，原油钙含量与延迟焦化石油焦的灰分对应关系的研究结果表明，石油焦灰分与原油中钙含量之间大体呈线性关系。此结论可为石油焦的生产和销售提供一定的参考。

STUDY ON MEASURES TO REDUCE ASH CONTENT IN PETROLEUM COKE

According to the characteristics and application fields of high ash petroleum coke, the measures to reduce ash content in petroleum coke were studied. The results showed that the main elements in the ash of petroleum coke were O, Ca, S, Fe, Ni, Si, Mn and so on. The total contribution of metal and non-metal elements to the ash of petroleum coke was about 43% and 57%, respectively. The results of XRD analysis showed that under the condition of high calcium content in crude oil, most of the substances in petroleum coke ash existed in the form of metal oxide, especially the proportion of CaSO₄ and CaO which had stable structure was the highest, and the total proportion of the two calcium compounds in ash is about 90%. Decalcification of high calcium crude oil can obviously reduce the ash content of delayed coking coke and the proportion of CaSO₄ and CaO in the ash. The result showed that there was a linear relationship between the ash content of petroleum coke and the calcium content of crude oil. This conclusion can provide a certain reference for the production and sale of petroleum coke.