“十四五”油气勘探开发科技创新重点领域与方向

国家能源局、科学技术部发布的《“十四五”能源领域科技创新规划》是指导我国“十四五”能源领域科技发展的纲领性文件。围绕《规划》中油气勘探开发技术部分内容，深入解读国家对油气供应安全的关注；提出油气勘探开发重点领域、技术差距和攻关方向等方面的认识；主要针对陆上常规油气、非常规油气勘探开发的9个技术方向，详细分析各项技术的生产需求；指出陆上常规油气勘探开发技术关注的重点是低渗透、高含水老油田提高采收率技术和深层油气勘探开发技术，非常规油气重点技术攻关方向包括页岩油气、煤炭地下气化和天然气水合物等，油气上游行业在清洁低碳利用和数字化智能化方面的发展具有很大潜力；提出应做好上下结合、横向结合、基础研究与工程实践的结合，加快油气勘探开发科技创新，推动油气行业高质量发展。

Analyze Key Areas and Orientations of Technological Innovation for Oil and Gas Exploration and Development in 14th Five-Year Plan Period

The national Energy Bureau and the Ministry of Science and Technology have released “Plan for Technological Innovation in Energy Area during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period”, which is a platform document to guide China’s technological innovation in the energy area during the 14th Five-year Plan period. Focusing on the content in the part of oil and gas exploration and development technology in the “Plan”, this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the nation’s concerns over the security of oil and gas supplies and identify the key areas of oil and gas exploration and development, including the technological gaps and research orientations. The paper highlights the nine technological orientations concerning onshore conventional and unconventional oil and gas exploration and development and makes a detailed analysis of the production demand in each item of technology. It also located low permeability, EOR technology for old oilfields with high water-cut and deep-layer oil and gas exploration and development technology as the key areas of onshore conventional oil and gas exploration and development technology. The key technological research areas of unconventional oil and gas include shale oil and gas, underground coal gasification and natural gas hydrates. The upstream oil and gas sector has a great development potential for clean and low-carbon utilization as well as digitalization and intelligence. The paper proposes that the efforts should be made for vertical and horizontal combinations and combination between basic research and engineering practice, accelerating technological innovation for oil and gas exploration and development and promoting high-quality oil and gas industrial development.