生物柴油制脂肪酸单甘油酯及其抗磨性能研究

以生物柴油和甘油为原料，通过酯交换反应制备脂肪酸单甘油酯，将产物作为柴油抗磨剂产品。分别考察了不同反应条件下制备的脂肪酸单甘油酯的抗磨性能，并探讨了将生物柴油原料冷冻精制、反应产物分子蒸馏提纯后的产物对抗磨性能的影响，进一步考察了经提纯的脂肪酸甘油酯的抗磨稳定性。研究结果表明，优化的反应条件为：生物柴油与甘油的物质的量比1∶1，反应时间8 h，反应温度160～180 ℃。另外，将原料和产物进行精制处理得到的脂肪酸单甘油酯抗磨剂产品，与未经精制处理得到的脂肪酸单甘油酯抗磨剂产品相比，抗磨性能显著提升，且具有良好的抗磨稳定性。

PERPARATION OF MONOGLYCERIDE FROM BIODIESEL AND ITS ANTI-WEAR PERFORMANCE IN DIESEL

The monoglycerides were prepared from biodiesel and monoglycerol by transesterification reaction, and the products of monoglycerides were used as anti-wear additive in low sulfur diesel fuels. The anti-wear properties of glycerides prepared under different reaction conditions, such as reaction molar ratio, reaction time, and reaction temperature were investigated, the effects of freezing crystallization of biodiesel and short path distillation purification of reaction products on the anti-wear properties were discussed as well, and the lubricating stability of purified monoglycerides was further investigated. The results showed that the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: the molar ratio of biodiesel to glycerol was 1∶1, the reaction time was 8 h, and the reaction temperature range was 160-180 ℃. In addition, the anti-wear performance of monoglycerides obtained by freezing crystallization and short path distillation purification was better than that of monoglycerides obtained by the unrefined treatment, observably. Furthermore, the refined monoglycerides had good lubricating stability.