用于油浆脱固的聚醚类破乳剂结构优化筛选

为优化油浆沉降剂中聚醚类破乳剂的结构，利用市场上较为常见的聚丙二醇（PPG）通过羧基扩链的方式合成端羧基聚丙二醇，端羧基聚丙二醇在催化剂作用下与聚乙二醇（PEG）发生酯化反应生成嵌段聚醚。首先通过酸值测定、核磁共振氢谱、红外光谱、凝胶渗透色谱等表征手段确定端羧基聚丙二醇的最佳合成条件；然后基于此合成方法，采用不同平均相对分子质量的PEG和PPG制备不同嵌段结构、嵌段比例及平均相对分子质量的聚醚类破乳剂；最后将聚醚类破乳剂与絮凝剂复配为油浆沉降剂，并通过油浆沉降试验对比不同破乳剂在油浆脱固过程中的性能。结果表明，平均相对分子质量为10 000左右、PPG/PEG质量比为4∶1时的PEG-PPG-PEG型嵌段聚醚性能最佳，油浆脱固率达到92.4%，可有效降低油浆灰分，提高油浆利用率。

STRUCTURE OPTIMIZATION OF POLYETHER DEMULSIFIER FOR OIL SLURRY DESOLIDATION

In order to optimize the structure of polyether demulsifiers in slurry settling agents，carboxyl-terminated polypropylene glycol (PPG) was synthesized by means of carboxyl chain extension. Carboxyl-terminated polypropylene glycol reacts with polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the presence of a catalyst to form block polyether. The optimal conditions for the synthesis of carboxyl-terminated polypropanediol were determined by acid value, 1H NMR,FT-IR,GPC and other characterization methods. Polyether demulsifiers with different block structure, block proportion and average relative molecular weight were prepared by PEG and PPG with different average relative molecular weight, and the performance of different demulsifiers in the course of slurry de-solidifying was compared by slurry sedimentation test. The results showed that the PEG-PPG-PEG block polyether with molecular weight of 10 000 and mass ratio of PPG/PEG of 4:1 had the best performance, and the de-solidifying rate of slurry reached 92.4%, which could effectively reduce the ash content in the slurry and improved the slurry utilization rate, and had good market application prospect.