建筑物下煤矸石充填开采技术及实践

煤炭是支撑我国能源生产的基础资源，煤炭的持续、大规模开采造成了许多问题，如矿区生态破坏、建筑物沉降。因此，建筑物下回填控制地层和地表下沉的技术非常重要。目前，煤层颗粒物质、胶结材料和高含水率材料主要用于回填。总结了煤矿使用的回填材料CGFB的类型以及回填过程，提出了矸石充填开采技术的指导原则。实验结果表明随着工作面倾斜长度的增加，沉陷区和待回填区的面积增加。根据模拟结果，提出了煤矸石运动时间的优化方案，并对矸石回填采矿法进行了优化设计，确定了工作面倾斜长度，并缩短工作面以获得较高的充填率，保障了建筑物的安全性。

Mining technology and practice of gangue filling of coal seam under buildings

Coal is the basic resource supporting our country′s energy production.The continuous and large-scale mining of coal has caused many problems，such as ecological damage in mining areas and subsidence of buildings.Therefore，the technology of backfilling under buildings which can control the ground and ground subsidence is very important.At present，granular matters of coal seam，cementing materials and materials with high moisture content are mainly used for backfilling.This paper studies and summarizes the types of backfill materials used in coal mines and the backfill process，and puts forward the guiding principles of gangue filling mining technology.The experimental results show that with the increase of the inclined length of the working face，the area of the subsidence area and the area to be backfilled increases.According to the simulation results，an optimization plan for the movement time of coal gangue is proposed，the gangue backfill mining method is optimized and the inclined length of the working face is determined，the working surface is shorten which obtains a higher filling rate，which ensures the safety of the building.