面向新型电力系统的水电发展战略研究

践行双碳战略，能源是主战场，电力是主力军，构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统是实现碳中和的必由之路。在分析碳中和背景下电力行业减排目标、电力结构及其占比的基础上，针对构建新型电力系统面临的问题与挑战，提出加快常规水电和抽水蓄能电站建设是新型电力系统可靠性和长周期调节能力的重要基础。结合我国能源资源禀赋和开发利用现状，提出强化水电与新能源协同发展战略思路，依托流域梯级水电建设更大规模清洁能源基地，并加快抽水蓄能电站和储能工厂建设的发展路径，重新定义了水电在新型电力系统中既提供基础电量又发挥容量功能的新定位，进而提出促进清洁能源大基地和储能工厂建设的政策建议。研究成果可为清洁能源基地规划设计和相关政策文件的编制与修订提供一定参考。

Study on hydropower development strategy for new power systems

To implement the dual-carbon strategy, energy is the main battlefield and electricity the main force; developing a new power system with new energy resources as the main body is the only feasible path to achieving carbon neutrality. This paper examines the emission reduction targets, electricity composition, and structure of the power industry under the dual-carbon strategy, and demonstrates that accelerating the construction of conventional hydropower stations and pumped storage power stations is an important basis for solving problems and challenges such as the reliability and long-term regulation capabilities of the new system. Based on the hydropower resources endowment and the development status, we present a strategic idea of strengthening the coordinated development of hydroelectric power and new energy, and redefine the development path of building clean energy bases and energy storage plants and accelerating the construction of pumped-storage power stations and cascaded conventional hydropower reservoirs. This new positioning of hydroelectric power in the new system not only provides basic electricity but plays its capacity function. Thus, we suggest certain policy should be formulated to speed up the construction of clean energy bases and energy storage plants. Our findings could help the revision and compilation of the planning schemes and regulations.