多目标因子约束下的建筑节能环保改造设计

建筑需满足室内温度舒适的同时，最大程度降低能源能耗，为此，提出一种多目标因子约束下建筑节能环保改造设计方案。从外部与内部2个方面分析影响建筑节能环保要素，包括温度、风向、建筑朝向与形态等；划分设计过程，从4个不同设计阶段探究建筑参与者与改造设计内容；通过仿真软件，利用相似性分析方法提取相似特征元素，构建建筑虚拟简化结构模型，便于获得更加合理的改造方案；设定窗户尺寸、传热系数、人员密度等决策变量，建立多目标约束模型作为目标函数；在传统粒子群算法中添加自适应调节机制，将多目标问题变换为单一目标求解，在决策空间内不断迭代，当达到最大迭代次数时，输出最佳设计方案。仿真实验证明，所提改造方案在满足用户舒适性同时传热系数符合节能环保标准，节能效果显著，有效减少了增量成本。

Renovation design of building energy-saving and environmental protection under constraints of multi-objective factors

The building needs to meet the comfortable indoor temperature and at the same time reduce the energy consumption to the greatest extent.To this end，a design scheme of building energy-saving and environmental protection renovation under the constraint of multi-objective factors was proposed.Analyze the factors affecting building energy conservation and environmental protection from two aspects:external and internal，including temperature，wind direction，building orientation and shape，etc.；divide the design process，and explore architectural participants and renovation design content from four different design stages；through simulation software，use similar the characteristic analysis method was used to extract similar characteristic elements，and a virtual simplified structural model of the building was constructed，which is convenient for obtaining a more reasonable renovation plan；decision variables such as window size，heat transfer coefficient，and personnel density were set，and a multi-objective constraint model was established as the objective function；The adaptive adjustment mechanism was added to the swarm algorithm，which transforms the multi-objective problem into a single-objective solution，and iterates continuously in the decision space.When the maximum number of iterations was reached，the optimal design scheme was output.Simulation experiments showed that the proposed transformation scheme could satisfy the user′s comfort while the heat transfer coefficient meets the energy-saving and environmental protection standards.The energy-saving effect was remarkable，and the incremental cost was effectively reduced.