固态发酵产酶反应中体系传热传质行为分析

固态发酵是纤维素类生物质转化的有效途径，具有用水量少、容积产率高等优点。固态发酵生产纤维素酶一般是液态发酵酶产量的近3倍，可大幅降低酶的生产成本。在固态发酵过程，微生物在缺水环境中生长，发酵底物和接种物之间存在异质性，导致发酵热量分布不均匀、发酵过程氧气与中间产物不易扩散等问题。基于此，重点对固态发酵反应中体系传热传质方式及其影响因素进行了分析，并探讨其强化方法。根据传热方式，总结了发酵罐适用的导热微分方程及传热模拟方法，并分析气泡和颗粒基质中的传质过程及其限速步骤以及解决传质限速的途径。反应体系传热传质机理研究可促进固态发酵技术产业化应用进程。该研究可为有机废弃物固态发酵技术研究及应用提供一定的理论和技术支持。

Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer Behavior in the System of Solid State Fermentation

Solid-state fermentation (SSF) with the advantages of low water consumption and high volume yield is an effective way for cellulosic biomass conversion. The cellulase yield using the SSF strategy is nearly three times compared with liquid fermentation, which can greatly reduce the production cost of the enzyme. In the SSF process, microorganisms grow in a water-deficient condition, and there is heterogeneity between substrate and inoculum, which leads to the uneven distribution of fermentation heat, and the diffusion difficulty of oxygen and intermediate products. Based on this, this paper focused on the analysis of the heat and mass transfer modes, and their influencing factors in the system of SSF reaction were analyzed, and their related strengthening methods were also discussed. The heat conduction differential equation and heat transfer simulation method used in the fermenter were firstly summarized according to the heat transfer mode. Subsequently, the mass transfer process and rate-limiting steps in bubble and particle matrix and the strategies for improving mass transfer rate in SSF were analyzed. Research on heat and mass transfer mechanisms in SSF systems can promote the industrialization process of SSF utilization. This paper may provide theoretical and technical support for the research and application of SSF technology using organic wastes.