波码通信分层注水技术研究及现场应用

常规分注井无法连续监测数据，需人工定期测调确保分注合格率。随着技术进步，国内油田逐步向数字式分注发展。长庆油田以超低渗透储层为主，层间非均质强，小层注水量小，通过持续攻关，创新提出了波码通信分层注水技术，攻克了小水量测试调配及远程无线通信与控制难题，形成了适合长庆油田的带压作业模式。该技术通过压力流量波码实现地面与井下数据无线远程传输，配水器实现井下分层流量自动测调与数据录取，现场应用1200余口井，地面与井下无线数据传输距离达到2800m，分层注水合格率长期保持90%以上，最长有效期近4年，单井年节约测试费用5万元，解决了常规分注技术面临的技术瓶颈，人员劳动强度大幅降低，提升了油田注水精细化水平。

Research and Field Application of Digital Layered Water injection Technology Based on Wave Code Communications

The data cannot be monitored continuously from the conventional layered injection wells. It is necessary to make artificial inspection and adjustment on a regular basis to keep the qualification rate of layered injection. With the technological progress, the domestic oilfields gradually developed towards digital layered injection. Changqing Oilfield is mainly composed of ultra-low permeability reservoirs with a strong interlayer heterogeneity and a small amount of water injected into the thin layers. Based on tenacious research efforts, Changqing innovatively the digital water injection technology based on wave code communications, thus solving the bottlenecks of small water quantity test and distribution and developing the under-pressure operational mode suitable for the oilfield. This technology uses the pressure flow wave code to bring about wireless remote transmission of the surface and downhole data while the digital water distributor can automatically measure and adjust downhole stratified flow and make data acquisition. A total of more than 1200 wells were brought under field application. The distance of surface and downhole wireless data transmission reached 2800 meters and the qualification rate of layered water injection has been kept above 90 percent for a long period of time. The longest duration for effectiveness approached four years. The single-well testing cost was reduced by 50,000 yuan per year. The technology solved the technological bottlenecks of conventional layered water injection, substantially reduced labor intensity of personnel and improved the fining level of water injection at the oilfield.