滇中地区萌生栓皮栎地表可燃物燃烧火行为研究

为评估萌生栓皮栎林的潜在火行为以及发生火灾的危险性，森林防火紧要期内在云南森林自然中心的萌生栓皮栎林进行外业调查。通过设置样地，测量样地内栓皮栎林的高度、胸径等，采集地表可燃物进行室内燃烧试验，结合野外实际状态和实验室理化分析，测定含水率、载量、灰分含量，利用点燃性、剧烈性和消耗性等指标，研究了栓皮栎地表可燃物的三维燃烧性。研究结果表明：在防火期紧要期，栓皮栎地表可燃物的含水率为3.53%~5.04%，载量为0.44~0.69 kg/m2，灰分含量为12.3%~16.4%，引燃时间为（4.8±0.3） s，蔓延速率为（0.36±0.09） m/min，烧损率为（61.99±9.29）%。可见，栓皮栎地表可燃物的含水率极低，点燃温度低，载量低，灰分含量较高，三维燃烧性表现较差；叶片很易燃，一旦有火源就容易被引燃，引发森林火灾。研究结果有利于掌握萌生栓皮栎林地表潜在火行为相关特征，为更好预防森林火灾提供参考依据，为滇中地区的林火管理提供理论支撑。

Study on the burning behavior of surface fuels of sprouting quercus variabilis in central Yunnan province

In order to assess the potential fire behavior and the risk of fires in quercus variabilis forest, during the critical period of forest fire prevention, by setting the plots, measuring the tree height, DBH (diameter of breast height), etc., field investigation was carried out in the sprouting quercus variabilis forest of Yunnan natural center of forestry. Surface fuels were collected for laboratory burning experiments, combining the actual conditions in the field and laboratory analysis, including moisture content, fuel load, calorific value, and ash content. The three flammability measures of fuels on the surface of quercus variabilis were studied using indicators such as ignitibility, combustibility and consumability. The results showed that, the moisture content of surface fuels of sprouting quercus variabilis forest was 3.53%~5.04%, the fuel load was 0.44~0.69 kg/m2, the ash content was 12.3%~16.4%, the ignition time was (4.8±0.3) s, the spread rate was (0.36±0.09) m/min, and the burn loss rate was (61.99±9.29)%. It can be found that the surface fuels of quercus variabilis moisture content and ignition temperature are very low, fuel load is small, but ash content is a high level, so three flammability measures are poor. The leaves are too flammable to be easily ignited. The results are conducive to grasping the relevant characteristics of the potential fire behavior of the sprouting quercus variabilis forest, providing a reference for better prevention of forest fire, and theoretical support for forest fire management in central Yunnan province.