大庆油田缆控分层注水技术研究及应用

分层注水是大庆油田开发最重要的特色技术，为油田高效开发提供了技术支撑。随着油田进入特高含水期，剩余油高度分散，油水关系复杂，注水合格率下降快，稳油控水难度加大，为解决日益增加的注水井测调工作量与有限的测试队伍间的矛盾，满足油田精准开发需求，研制了缆控分层注水技术。该技术将压力监测系统、流量监测系统、流量控制系统置于预置电缆智能配水器中，在办公室端由技术人员在服务器软件上发出控制指令，通过油田生产无线网络发送至地面控制箱，应用电缆载波技术由电缆传输指令至智能配水器，实现实时通信，获取井下分层参数信息，控制井下分层注入量。通过建设4个智能分注技术示范区，验证了不同开发矛盾下工艺适应性。缆控分层注水技术提高了吸水厚度比例，有效控制了含水上升率和自然递减率，增油效果明显，推动了油田数字化转型、智能化发展。

Research and Application of Cable-controlled Layered Water Injection Technology in Daqing Oilfield

Layered water injection is an important characteristic technology in Daqing Oilfield, which has provided technological support for high-efficiency development of the oilfield. As the oilfield entered the ultra-high water-cut period, the remaining oil is highly dispersed with the complicated oil-water relations. The qualification rate of water injection dropped quickly while it is more difficult to keep oil production stable and control water cut. As a result, the cable-controlled layered water injection technology was developed to solve the contradiction between the amount of work for adjustment of more and more water-injecting wells and the limited adjusting personnel and satisfy the need for delicate oilfield development. This technology puts the pressure-monitoring system, the flow-monitoring system and the flow-controlling system into the preset cable intelligent water distributor so that the technical personnel at the office terminal can send the control instructions from the server software. The instructions are transmitted to the surface control box by means of the wireless network of the oilfield production. The cable microwave carrier technology is used to transmit the instructions to the intelligent water distributor by cable, bringing about real-time communications, acquiring downhole layered parameters information and controlling downhole layered injection amount. Four demonstration zones of intelligent layered injection technology were established to test the process adaptability against the background of different development contradictions.The cable-controlled layered water injection technology improves the proportion of water-absorbed thickness and effectively control the water-cut growth rate and the natural declining rate with the oil yield apparently increased, promoting digitalized transformation and intelligent development of the oilfield.