两亲聚合物活化剂对稠油的拆解-聚并作用及其动态调驱机理

采用扫描电镜、黏度计、激光共聚焦显微镜、稳定性分析仪、岩心驱替等手段，考察了两亲聚合物稠油活化剂(简称活化剂)对渤海S3稠油拆解降黏、聚并增阻作用及其动态调剖与驱油机理。结果表明：活化剂在水溶液中能形成含有许多空腔的致密空间网络结构，显示较强的增黏能力；活化剂可将油-水界面张力由37.8 mN/m降低至1.4 mN/m，在油膜上接触角由102°降低至30°，将油的连续相拆解至微米级甚至更小的分散相，在油/水质量比1/1时活化剂对渤海S3稠油的降黏率达91.1%；活化剂溶液-稠油分散体系静置60 min后，油滴发生聚并，其粒径由初始的81 μm增大到294 μm，体系黏度由73 mPa·s升至226 mPa·s；当聚并后的分散体系/模拟水质量比为1/1时，混合体系降黏率达到95.4%，吸附在油-水界面上的活化剂持续发挥作用。单管岩心模型中，与黏度相似的聚合物相比，活化剂的驱替压力更高，含水率下降漏斗分布更宽，采收率增幅（R_EO）达到20.4百分点，比聚合物增加了10.6百分点；双管岩心模型中，低浓度低黏度活化剂溶液表现出比聚合物更强的调剖和驱油能力。

Disassembling and Coalescing Performance of Amphiphilic Polymer Activator for Heavy Oil and Its Mechanism of Dynamic Profile Control and Oil Displacement

Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), viscometer, laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM), stability analyzer, and core displacement experiments, this paper investigates the effect of the amphiphilic polymer activator (hereinafter referred as the “activator”) on the viscosity reduction and resistance increase by disassembling and coalescing respectively for Bohai S3 heavy oil and its mechanism of dynamic profile control and oil displacement. The results demonstrate that the activator can form compact network structure with numerous holes in solution, and thus possesses high viscosity-increasing capacity; the activator can lower the oil-water interfacial tension from 37.8 to 1.4 mN/m and reduce the contact angle on oil film from 102° to 30°, disassemble the continuous oil phase into the dispersed phase with micron size or even smaller size, and achieve a viscosity reduction rate of 91.1% when the mass ratio between oil and water is 1/1; after the dispersed system of activator solution and heavy oil stood for 60 min, the oil droplets are coalesced and their size increases from 81 μm to 294 μm, while the system viscosity increases from 73 to 226 mPa·s; when the ratio between the coalesced dispersed system and the simulated water is 1/1, the activator at the oil-water interface keep functioning and the viscosity reduction rate of the mixed system can reach more than 95.4%. In single tube core model, compared with the polymer of similar viscosity, the activator has higher displacement pressure and wider water cut decrease funnel, and can help achieve the enhanced oil recovery of 20.4 percentage points, 10.6 percentage points higher than the former. In double-tube core model, the activator with low concentration and low viscosity shows better profile control and oil displacement effects than the polymer.