抗爆HSE功能材料在石油化工领域中的应用

近几年频发的化学品爆炸事故常会对附近建筑物内的人员造成重大伤亡，为了降低爆炸事故的危害，亟需提升化工企业建筑物的抗爆能力。笔者简要介绍了金属基、混凝土基和高分子基3种类型抗爆HSE功能材料的特点。着重介绍了一种阻燃抗爆聚脲材料，通过结构型阻燃聚酯多元醇对聚脲进行阻燃改性。改性后的阻燃抗爆聚脲的燃烧性能达到B级，并且其力学性能保持较高，拉伸强度为27 MPa，断裂伸长率为320%；在气体爆炸实验中，抗爆聚脲涂层可抗1.16 MPa的爆炸超压。最后展望了抗爆HSE功能材料在石油化工行业中的作用及发展前景。

Application of Blast-Mitigation HSE Materials in the Petrochemical Industries

In recent years, chemical explosion accidents often cause heavy casualties to the people inside nearby buildings. In order to reduce the damage of explosion accidents, it is urgent to improve the blast-mitigation ability of buildings of chemical industries. The characteristics of three blast-mitigation HSE functional materials including metal composites, inorganic composites and polymer composites were summarized, and a novel flame-retardant and blast-mitigation polyurea was emphatically introduced. Through adding flame-retardant polyester polyols, the polyurea could meet combustion class B and has good mechanical property, with 27 MPa tensile strength and 320% elongation. In the gas explosion test, the polyurea coating could resist 1.16 MPa explosion overpressure. Finally, the function and development prospect of HSE materials were discussed and forecasted.