催化裂化反应器床层铁迁移规律研究及新型抗铁催化剂的工业应用

针对中国石化海南炼油化工有限公司(简称海南炼化)重油催化裂化装置平衡剂上铁含量长期偏高的问题，对平衡剂上铁的分布规律进行了研究。利用扫描电镜-能谱(SEM-EDS)仪、电子探针(EPMA)研究了高铁平衡剂上铁的迁移规律，发现平衡剂上的铁存在颗粒间的迁移，可为对设计开发抗铁型催化剂提供指导。对海南炼化催化裂化装置出现的典型催化剂铁中毒现象进行了总结，主要表现在第二再生器内稀相密度增加、油浆产率增加、平衡剂堆密度下降、孔体积下降等。中国石化石油化工科学研究院设计开发的新型抗铁催化剂CMT-1HN在海南炼化进行了工业应用，结果表明，在平衡剂铁质量分数长期维持8 000～10 000μg/g的情况下，装置流化正常，同时重油转化能力较好，说明该催化剂具有优异的抗铁污染能力。

RESEARCH ON IRON MIGRATION IN FCC REACTOR BED AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF NEW ANTI-IRON CATALYST

In order to solve the problem of the high iron content of long-term catalysts in the heavy oil catalytic cracking unit of SINOPEC Hainan Refining and Chemical Co.,Ltd., the distribution and migration of iron in the high iron-containing equilibrium catalyst were studied by means of SEM-EDS and EPMA. It was found that the iron in the equilibrium catalyst could migrate between particles, which could provide a guidance for the design and development of iron-resistant catalysts. The typical iron poisoning phenomenon in FCC unit was summarized, which was mainly manifested in the increase of secondary dilute phase density, the increase of slurry yield, and the decrease of ABD and pore volume. The new anti-iron catalyst CMT-1HN designed and developed by SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing was industrially applied in Hainan Refining and Chemical Co.,Ltd. The application results showed that the fluidization in the unit was normal under the condition that the iron content of the equilibrium catalyst maintained 8 000-10 000 μg/g for a long time, and the heavy oil conversion was good, which indicated that the CMT-1HN catalyst had excellent performance of anti-iron contamination.