沿海城市暴雨-高潮位复合致涝区划研究北大核心CSCD

由于暴雨和高潮位的共同影响,沿海城市更容易遭受内涝灾害。暴雨和高潮位影响区域致灾因子划分是减灾措施布设的重要因素。本文提出了致灾因子区划方法,并进行了区划方法的效果分析。以海口市主城区为例,基于城市暴雨污水及流域雨洪管理建模软件构建一二维耦合城市内涝模型,计算不同组合工况下的淹没水深和淹没范围,将内涝区域划分为降雨影响区、潮汐影响区和共同影响区,并对三个区域进行了减灾措施优化分析。结果表明,潮汐影响区、共同影响区和降雨影响区距海岸线逐渐变远;降雨影响区布设蓄水池的效益要明显优于潮汐影响区,而潮汐影响区布设止回阀的效益要优于降雨影响区。因此,通过内涝区域划分可以更高效地布设防涝措施。

Risk factor zoning of waterlogging in coastal cities caused by compound of rainstorms and high tides

Coastal cities are more susceptible to waterlogging disasters in recent years, due to the combined effect of heavy rainstorms and high tides. The division of hazard factors in the areas under such effect is a key factor for deploying disaster mitigation measures. This paper describes a regionalization method of hazard factors and evaluates its application through a case study of the central urban area of Haikou City. We construct a 1D-2D coupled urban waterlogging model based on PCSWMM to calculate the water depth and area of this city’s submerged regions under different combination conditions. The regions are grouped into three types: rainfall-affected, tidal-affected, and joint-influenced; for each type, an optimization analysis of disaster mitigation measures is made. The results show the tidal-, joint- and rainfall-affected regions, in order, gradually become farther away from the coastline. And the reservoirs if arranged in the rainfall-affected region will produce a benefit significantly greater than in the tidal-affected, while the check valves if installed in the tidal-affected region will be more beneficial than in the rainfall-affected. Thus, waterlogging prevention measures are more effective and more efficient through grouping different waterlogging areas.