不同浓度组分可控烷基苯磺酸盐弱碱三元体系乳化规律

三元驱油体系在地层运移过程中化学药剂浓度发生变化，使得三元驱油体系与原油乳化特性也发生改变。针对组分可控烷基苯磺酸盐弱碱三元体系在地层运移过程中与原油的乳化特性开展实验研究。结果表明：使用均化仪对体系及原油进行乳化后，组分可控烷基苯磺酸盐弱碱三元体系中聚合物浓度越低，乳化后体系黏度增幅倍数越大；乳化后三元体系界面张力变化不大，Zeta电位小幅下降，乳状液类型以油/水型为主；三元体系乳化析水率、乳化特性变化明显，其原因是表面活性剂的分子结构影响较大，与界面张力及Zeta电位关系不大。正交实验方法分析了组分可控烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂、碳酸钠及中等相对分子质量聚合物这3种不同类型化学药剂对组分可控烷基苯磺酸盐弱碱三元体系乳化特性的影响规律。方差分析结果表明：影响乳状液黏度因素由大到小的顺序为：聚合物、弱碱、表面活性剂，当聚合物质量浓度为600 mg/L时，乳状液黏度增幅倍数最大；影响乳化析水率的因素由大到小的顺序为：弱碱、表面活性剂、聚合物，当Na₂CO₃质量分数为0.3%、表面活性剂质量分数为0.3%、聚合物质量浓度为1000 mg/L时，乳化体系在24 h时的乳化析水率最低，乳化特性最明显。

Emulsification Law of Weak Base Ternary System of Controlled Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate With Different Concentrations

In ternary oil flooding system, chemical concentration changes during the formation migration, which changes ternary oil flooding system and oil emulsification properties. Here, experiments were carried out to investigate the emulsification characteristics between the crude oil and the weak base ternary system consisting of alkylbenzene sulfonate during the formation migration. The results show that after emulsifying the system and the crude oil with homogenizer, the lower the polymer concentration in the weak base terpolymer system with controllable alkylbenzene sulfonate, the greater the increase of viscosity after emulsification. After the emulsification, interfacial tension of the ternary system changes little, Zeta potential decreases slightly, and the emulsion type is mainly the oil/water type. The water out rate and emulsification properties of the ternary system changes obviously, because the molecular structure of the surfactant has a great influence, but the interfacial tension and Zeta potential have little influence. Orthogonal experiment method was used to analyze the influence of three chemical agents on the emulsification characteristics of the ternary system consisting of controllable alkylbenzene sulfonate weak base, and the results of variance analysis show that the order of factors affecting the viscosity of emulsion is polymer>weak base>surfactant. When the mass concentration of polymer is 600 mg/L, the viscosity of emulsion increases the most. The order of factors affecting the emulsification water out rate from large to small is weak base>surfactant>polymer. When the mass fraction of Na₂CO₃ is 0.3%, the mass fraction of surfactant is 0.3%, and the mass concentration of polymer is 1000 mg/L, the emulsification water out rate is the lowest at 24 h, and the emulsification property is the most obvious.