非金属输油管道静电起电及防护研究

非金属管道以其优异的工作性能成为油气管道技术发展的新方向，但输油过程中伴随的静电问题成为管道安全运行的隐患。基于扩散双电层理论，对金属管道和非金属管道的静电起电机理进行了分析；阐明了管内流体流动速度，管道性质和油品性质对油流带电的影响规律；归纳了输油管道的主要静电放电类型及其危害影响；从避免静电产生和中和静电两方面提出了一系列非金属输油管道的静电控制与防护措施。

Electrostatic Electrification and Electrostatic Protection of Nonmetallic Oil Pipeline

Non?metallic pipeline has become the new direction of oil and gas pipeline technology because of its excellent performance. However, the electrostatic problem during the oil transportation process threatens the safe operation of pipeline. Based on diffuse double layer theory, the electrostatic electrification mechanism of metal and nonmetallic pipes is analyzed and compared. The effects of flow regime, pipe properties and oil properties on the oil flow electrification are systematically elucidated. The main forms and hazards of electrostatic discharge of oil pipeline are analyzed in detail. Moreover, a series of electrostatic control and hazard protection measures are put forward from the perspectives of avoiding electrostatic generation and neutralizing static electricity.