虚同相轴方法及其在陆上地震层间多次波压制中的应用

油气目标勘探对地震勘探技术的要求越来越高，多次波压制已经成为一个不可回避的技术瓶颈。在陆上地震数据中，多次波通常是层间多次波，其动校正量、叠加速度和频率成分与一次波十分相似，导致了多次波预测和压制的困难。基于虚同相轴原理预测层间多次波，并通过自适应相减技术衰减层间多次波。针对虚同相轴在陆上地震数据应用中的诸多实际问题，提出了虚同相轴陆上近似应用方法。相比于其他方法，虚同相轴方法不需要任何地下信息，具有较强的适用性。合成数据和实际陆上地震资料处理结果表明，虚同相轴陆上近似应用方法适用于实际叠前地震数据，显著衰减陆上层间多次波，突出一次波能量。

Land seismic peg-leg multiple attenuation with the virtual event method

On land seismic data,well developed peg-leg multiples are rather difficult to be predicted and suppressed because both these multiples and primaries usually have similar NMO,stacking velocity,and frequency components.Based on the virtual events theory,this paper estimates peg-leg multiples and suppresses them with adaptive subtraction,and proposes an applicable virtual-event method for land seismic data.Compared to conventional methods,the proposed method does not require subsurface information and has higher computation efficiency.Synthetic and field data examples show that the proposed method is suitable for prestack seismic data,suppresses peg-leg multiples and highlights primary energy.