我国煤中有害微量元素研究进展

煤中有害微量元素是煤炭地质、地球化学、能源与环境等领域的研究热点之一。本文通过调研国内外文献，系统总结了我国煤中有害微量元素研究的相关成果。与世界煤相比，我国煤中Co、Mo、Pb、Sn、Th、U、V、Zn的平均含量较高，而As、B、Ba、Cr、Ni和Tl的平均含量相对较低。煤中有害微量元素含量的空间分布极不均匀，且各元素含量的分布特征有所差异。我国煤中有害微量元素含量总体呈现出由北到南逐渐递增的分布特征，同时全国范围内存在局部异常富集的情况。煤中有害微量元素的空间分布格局是多重因素共同作用的结果，如物源区母岩的性质、生物沉积作用、热液作用、地下水作用等。煤中有害微量元素的赋存机制十分复杂，是影响有害物质脱除和元素迁移转化的根本原因。大数据方法是新时代下科学方法论的一个重要补充，煤炭大数据对于煤中有害微量元素的研究具有重要潜在价值。煤中有害微量元素的赋存状态和具体化学形态、煤中有害微量元素的环境效应、煤中有害微量元素数据管理等内容仍是未来该领域的重点研究内容。

Review on the Research Progress of Harmful Trace Elements in Chinese Coal

Harmful trace element in coal is one of the important topics in the fields of coal geology, geochemistry, energy and environment. Through the investigation of domestic and foreign literature, this paper systematically summarizes the progress and conclusions of various research contents within the research framework. Compared with the world coal, the average concentrations of Co, Mo, Pb, Sn, Th, U, V and Zn in Chinese coal are higher, while those of As, B, Ba, Cr, Ni and Tl are relatively low. The spatial distribution of harmful trace elements in coal is very uneven, and the distribution characteristics of various element are different. The content of harmful trace elements in Chinese coal generally presents the distribution characteristic of gradual increase from north to south, and there is local abnormal enrichment. The spatial distribution pattern of harmful trace elements in coal is the result of the joint action of multiple factors, such as the source rock, biological sedimentation, hydrothermal action, groundwater action and so on. The occurrence mechanism of harmful trace elements in coal is very complex, which is the fundamental reason affecting the removal of harmful substances, the migration and transformation of elements. As an important supplement to scientific methodology in the new era, coal-big data has important potential value for the research of harmful trace elements in coal. The occurrence state and specific chemical forms of harmful trace elements, the environmental effects of harmful trace elements, and the data management of harmful trace elements in coal are still the key research contents in this field in the future.