基于信息熵理论的黄土高原小流域雨量站网优化

地面雨量站是降水数据最直接的来源,合理的雨量站点密度与空间布局能准确反映流域面雨量,对于构建流域水文模型至关重要.以黄土高原岔巴沟流域为研究对象,采用2001—2010年流域内11个地面雨量站的日、周、15 d时间尺度降雨量序列,以信息熵理论为基础,基于最大信息最小冗余准则(MIMR),分析11个地面雨量站之间降雨的信...

Rainfall Networks Optimization in Small Catchment of Loess Plateau Based on Information Entropy

Precipitation information is mainly collected by monitoring networks. Rainfall stations constitute the fundamental input for planning, design, operation, and management of water resources systems. Reasonable rainfall gauges, which are effective and efficient in gathering precipitation information has received considerable attention. In order to analyze the relationship between rainfall information of 11 ground rainfall stations in Chabagou small catchment of the Loess Plateau, precipitation series from 2001 to 2010 were aggregated into appropriate sampling intervals (1-day, weekly, 15-days), based on the information entropy theory and Maximum Information Minimum Redundancy criterion (MIMR), the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of multi-year average precipitation, the existing rainfall station network in Chabagou catchment were evaluated and optimized. The results show that the rainfall in Chabagou catchment did not changing significant during the study period, and the rainfall showed a decreasing trend from southwest to northeast from 2001 to 2010. The changes of the joint entropy, the mutual joint information and the redundant information of rainfall series at different time scales are generally the same, the joint information tends to be stable with the increase of stations, the information transmitted between stations is less and less, and the redundant information is more and more. With the increase of time scales, the joint entropy becomes more stable quickly and the redundant information becomes more. According to the variation of information entropy among rainfall stations in the Chabagou catchment, the rainfall station network was optimized, and the optimal density and distribution of rainfall stations in catchment at different time scales were determined. The optimized rainfall station network can reflect the rainfall information in the basin. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the optimal layout of rainfall station network in the future.