蚯蚓改善垂直潜流人工湿地处理农村污水效能的研究

通过引入赤子爱胜蚓,构建蚯蚓垂直潜流人工湿地,比较了蚯蚓人工湿地与对照人工湿地去除污染物的特性,并分析了投加蚯蚓对改善湿地内微生物量的空间分布及提高湿地防堵塞的效果.结果表明,蚯蚓的引入提高了垂直潜流人工湿地对污染物的去除效果,与对照人工湿地相比,蚯蚓人工湿地对COD、NH_4~+-N、TN、TP的去除率分别提高了15.8%、23.2%、20.6%、16.2%;同时,还增加了人工湿地各层的微生物量.在表层,蚯蚓人工湿地的细菌总数、亚硝酸菌数、硝酸菌数、反硝化菌数分别为对照人工湿地的2.3、2.9、2.0、2.1倍;并且蚯蚓的引入还在一定程度上缓解了垂直潜流人工湿地的堵塞.

Improving Rural Sewage Treatment Efficiency of Vertical-flow Constructed Wetland by Adding Earthworms

A vertical-flow constructed wetland was built by adding Eisenia foetida. The pollutants removal characteristics of the earthworm constructed wetland were compared with those of the control wetland. The spatial distribution of microbial biomass and improvement of the anti-clogging characteristics after adding earthworms were analyzed. The results show that the addition of earthworms can improve the pollutants removal effect of the constructed wetland. Compared with the control wetland, the removal rates of COD, NH_4~+ - N, TN and TP in the earthworm constructed wetland are increased by 15.8%, 23.2%, 20.6% and 16.2%, respectively. The addition of earthworms can increase the biomass in each layer of the wetland. In the surface layer where the earthworms are active, the total number of bacteria, nitrite bacteria, nitrate bacteria and denitrifying bacteria are 2.3, 2.9, 2.0 and 2.1 times of the control wetland. The clogging of vertical-flow constructed wetland can be alleviated at the same time.