用水位～部分流量权重推求新面年均含沙量探讨

本文提出了一种新的输沙率测验与计算方法。输沙率与流量不必同步施测，可利用测站的历史资料建立水位～部分流量权重关系数学模型，借用部分流量权重计算断面平均含沙量。选择洞庭湖区小河嘴、南嘴、草尾３个水文站３０年来共１４０８次实测输沙率资料建立水位～部分流量权重关系数学模型，计算出断面含沙量，并进行误差统计分析。使用该方法推求断面含沙量时，使输沙率测次布置不再受测流历时的限制，对枪测沙峰、加密输沙率测点、提高成果质量以及节省人力、物力都有一定的实用推广价值。

Estimation of average sectional sediment concentration by stage-partial discharge weight

A new method to measure and calculate the sediment discharge is presented in this paper. It is unnecessary for sediment discharge and flow rate to be measured simultaneously. The mathematical model of the relationship between the water level and the weights of partial flow rates can be established by using historical data of the hydrological station. By means of the weights of partial flow rate, the average sediment concentration in section is calculated. 1 408 sets of data of sediment discharge observed in the past 30 years at the three hydrological stations in the Dongting Lake Region which are Xiaohezui, Nanzui, Caowei were selected to establish the mathematical model of the relationship between the water level and weights of partial flow rates,calculate the sectional sediment concentration and statistically analyse errors. The arrangement of measuring the sediment discharge is no longer restricted by the duration of measuring the flow rate when this method is used to determine the sectional sediment concentration, which is of certain practical value to urgently measuring the peak discharge of sediment, densifying measurement points of sediment discharge, improving the quality of results, and saving labour and material.