AC susceptibility and hyperfine interactions of Mg-Ca ions co-substituted BaFe12O19 nanohexaferrites

Magnesium and calcium co-substituted Ba M-type nanohexaferrite (NHFs) is fabricated via sol-gel auto-combustion technique. The phase formation was proved by XRD powder pattern, FESEM and HR-TEM. Magnetic properties of Ba_1-2xCa_xMg_xFe₁₂O₁₉ (x?≤?0.1) NHFs investigated by Mossbauer Spectroscopy. The variations in line width, quadrupole splitting, isomer shift, the cation distribution of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions and hyperfine magnetic field values were estimated. The AC magnetic susceptibility and ZFC-FC measurements were also performed for the Ba_1-2xCa_xMg_xFe₁₂O₁₉ (x?=?0.02 and 0.08) NHFs. The M_FC-M_ZFC results do not show blocking temperature peak, indicating the ferrimagnetic (FM) behavior of prepared products. Different models including Neel-Arhenius (N-A), Vogel-Fulcher (V-F) and critical slowing down (CSD) were tested to evaluate the AC-magnetic susceptibility behaviors. It is demonstrated that the magnetic interactions are important for x?=?0.02 NHFs.