论地球能源演化与人类发展及碳中和战略

能源是人类发展的基础与社会进步的动力,“能”具有3种来源:地球外部天体能、地球自身能及地球与其他天体相互作用能。生命起源、能源形成与地球系统密切相关,具有3个尺度的协同演化关系:超长时间尺度上,日-地-月系统演化为地球系统的形成提供了能量来源和地外环境条件;长时间尺度上,地球系统演化为生命的诞生和人类的发展提供了能源资源等物质前提和适宜的圈层环境;短时间尺度上,人类文明发展使人类圈层突破了地球系统向地外文明拓展。伴随这一协同关系的演进,碳循环存在无机碳循环、短期有机碳循环、长期有机碳循环3种过程,人类对化石能源的无节制利用和全球化圈层改造活动打破了碳循环的自然平衡和闭环路径,导致温室气体增加和全球气候变化,影响人类幸福发展。能源转型势在必行,碳中和愿景必将实现,构建“绿色能源命运共同体”是碳中和目标下构建新型能源体系的根本举措。中国加快能源革命,建设能源强国,筑牢筑强化石能源安全供给“压舱石”,筑高筑大新能源绿色可持续发展“增长极”,依靠高水平科技自立自强,构建高质量的“清洁低碳、安全高效、独立自主”的绿色能源体系,实现中国能源生产与消费结构,从以化石能源为主的“一大三小”向以新能源为主的“三小一大”革命性转型。能源发展具有化石能源低碳化、新能源规模化、能源系统智慧化三大趋势,依靠绿色创新,贡献绿色能源,建设绿色家园,共享绿色生活。

Earth energy evolution,human development and carbon neutral strategy

Energy is the basis of human development and the impetus of society progress.There are three sources of energy:energy of celestial body outside the Earth,the Earth energy and energy of interaction between the Earth and other celestial bodies.Meanwhile,there are three scales of co-evolution:the evolution of the Sun-Earth-Moon system on an ultra-long time scale has provided energy sources and extra-terrestrial environmental conditions for the formation of the Earth system;the evolution of the Earth system on a long time scale has provided the material preconditions such as energy resources and suitable sphere environment for life birth and the human development;on a short time scale,the development of human civilization makes the human circle break through the Earth system,expanding the extraterrestrial civilization.With the co-evolution,there are three processes in the carbon cycle:inorganic carbon cycle,short-term organic carbon cycle and long-term organic carbon cycle,which records human immoderate utilization of fossil energy and global sphere reforming activities,breaking the natural balance and closed-loop path of the carbon cycle of the Earth,causing the increase of greenhouse gases and global climate change,affecting human happiness and development.The energy transition is inevitable,and carbon neutrality must be realized.Building the green energy community is a fundamental measure to create the new energy system under carbon neutrality target.China is speeding up its energy revolution and developing a powerful energy nation.It is necessary to secure the cornerstone of the supply of fossil energy and forge a strong growing pole for green and sustainable development of new energy.China energy production and consumption structure will make a revolutionary transformation from the type of fossil energy domination to the type of new energy domination,depending on a high-level self-reliance of science and technology and a high-quality green energy system of cleaning,low-carbon,safety,efficiency and independence.Energy development has three major trends:low-carbon fossil energy,large-scale new energy and intelligent energy system,relying on the green innovation,contributing the green energy and constructing the green homeland.