A quantitative evalution of the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 slurries

This paper reports the results of a comparison between two TiO₂ photocatalysts that differ for particle size and absorption/scattering optical properties. The catalyst with larger particles and lower surface area performed better in the degradation of phenol than the specimen with smaller particles and larger surface area. Following carefully designed experiments, it is possible to assess the relative role of light absorption/scattering properties and catalyst-related efficiency by means of a basic kinetic model for the rate of photocatalytic reactions. Explicit relationships are derived in the framework of the steady-state approximation for the quantum yield as a function of one a-dimensional number collecting surface kinetic constants for charge carrier reactions at the interface, absorbed light and surface substrate concentrations. The dimensionality change to volume-defined quantities allows derivation of the explicit dependence of the quantum yield on substrate concentration and partition constants, catalyst concentration, and the rate of volumetric light absorption. Following this approach, the rate expression for slurry systems, valid in the absence of back reactions, is directly derived. Some further simplification of the rate equation for the case of low quantum yield regime leads to analytical relationships able to account for the dependence of the rate on catalyst concentration and absorbed light in the case of stirred and unstirred conditions. The reported properly designed experiments allow the estimation of catalyst-specific micro-kinetic constants.