R134a亚临界流体萃取沙棘籽油的工艺优化及品质评价

研究采用R134a（1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷）亚临界流体萃取沙棘籽油。在原料粒度、萃取时间和萃取温度三个单因素筛选的基础上,以籽油提取率为响应值,对这三个因素进行响应面优化,得到最佳工艺参数:原料粒度32目,萃取时间60 min,萃取温度55℃,在此条件下籽油提取率可达80.7%,所得籽油的碘值、过氧化值、酸价和VE含量分别为（178.83±0.54）g/100 g、（0.151±0.001）g/100 g、（3.412±0.112）mg KOH/g、（198±1.73）mg/100 g,以上指标均满足行业标准（SL 493-2010）的要求,其中碘值和VE含量分别高出行业标准下限27.74%和65%,过氧化值和酸价分别低于标准上限39.6%和77.25%。综上所述,采用亚临界R134a法萃取沙棘籽油具有籽油提取率高、加工成本低及理化品质优良等特点。 

Processing optimization and quality evaluation of R134a subcritical fluid extraction of sea-buckthorn seeds oil

The sub- critical R134a( 1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane) was employed to extract sea- buckthorn seed oil in the study.Based on the single factor screening involved the granularity of seed,the extracting time and the temperature,the response surface method( RSM) was exerted with three influential factors ranged in each individual optimal level,with the seed oil exacting rate as indicator.The optimized parameters of extraction were as follows: the granularity of seeds was 32 meshes,the extracting time for 60 min,the extracting temperature at 55 ℃.Under the conditions above mentioned,the extracting rate of sea- buckthorn seed oil reached to 80.7%.The iodine value,peroxide value,acid value and VEcontent as( 178.83 ± 0.54) g /100 g,( 0.151 ± 0.001) g/100 g,( 3.412 ± 0.112) mg KOH/g,( 198 ± 1.73) mg/100 g respectively.The quality of the extracted seed oil met the criteria of the industry standard( SL493- 2010). The iodine value and vitamin E content exceeded the lower limit with 27.74% and 65% higher. The peroxide value and acid value were 39.6% and 77.25% lower than the high limit. It was suggested that the extracting of sea- buckthorn seed oil with sub- critical R134 a performs as higher yield,lower processing cost and good quality.