Occurrence of ivermectin in bovine milk from the Brazilian retail market |
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Authors: | V Lobato S Rath F G R Reyes |
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Affiliation: |
a Department of Food Science, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), 37200-000 Lavras, MG, Brazil
b Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, 13084-971 Campinas, SP, Brazil
c Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, 13084-971 Campinas, SP, Brazil |
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Abstract: | High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection was used for the quantification of ivermectin residues in bovine milk intended for human consumption. After liquid-liquid extraction of ivermectin and purification of the extract, the compound was derivatized with 1-methylimidazol in N,N-dimethyl formamide to form a fluorescent derivative, which was separated by HPLC, using reversed-phase C18, with methanol : water (96 : 4 v/v) mobile phase at a flow rate 0.7 ml min-1. The excitation and emission wavelengths of the fluorescence detector were adjusted at 360 and 470 nm, respectively. The linearity of the method was in the range 10-100 ng ivermectin ml-1. Based on a sample of 5.0 ml, the limit of detection and the limit of quantification for ivermectin in milk were 0.6 and 2 ng ml-1, respectively. The recovery rate varied from 76.4 to 87.2%, with an average of 77.9 ± 3.2%, at four fortification levels. The inter-day precision of the method was 13% (n = 5). Of 168 samples analysed, 17.8% contained ivermectin above the limit of quantification. Nevertheless, none of the samples contained ivermectin above the maximum residue limit (10 ng ml-1) established by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture. |
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Keywords: | Ivermectin milk residues of veterinary drugs |
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