枣核总黄酮的微波辅助提取工艺优化

目的：采用正交试验法，优选枣核中总黄酮的微波辅助提取工艺。方法：以芦丁为对照品，采用分光光度法进行测定，以枣核黄酮提取率作为考查指标，对影响黄酮提取工艺的因素进行研究。通过单因素试验研究微波功率、提取时间、提取温度、料液比和提取溶剂乙醇体积分数对提取效果的影响。然后，利用正交试验法优化最佳提取工艺条件。结果：对枣核黄酮提取的影响程度大小顺序为料液比＞提取温度＞提取时间＞乙醇体积分数＞微波功率，正交试验结果表明最佳提取工艺参数为料液比1:60(g/mL)、提取温度60℃、乙醇体积分数50%、提取时间20min、微波功率500W。在最佳工艺条件下，枣核黄酮粗品的提取产率为10.14%，粗品中黄酮含量为7.00%。结论：采用正交试验-微波提取工艺，能显著提高枣核黄酮的提取效率，具有较好的提取效果。

Optimization of Microwave-assisted Extraction of Total Flavonoids from Chinese Date Seeds

Objective: Orthogonal array design was used to optimize the microwave-assisted extraction of total flavonoids from Chinese date seeds.Methods: Total flavonoids were spectrometrically determined using rutin as a reference compound.The effects of microwave power,extraction time,temperature,solid-to-solvent ratio and ethanol concentration on the extraction yield of total flavonoids were investigated by one-factor-at-a-time experiments.Subsequently,these extraction parameters were optimized by orthogonal array design.Results: Five extraction parameters were ranked in descending order of their effect on the extraction of total flavonoids as follows: solid-to-solvent ratio>extraction temperature>extraction time>ethanol concentration>microwave power.Their optimal levels were 1:60(g/mL),60 ℃,20 min,50% and 500 W,respectively.Under these conditions,the extraction yield of crude total flavonoids was 10.14%,and the total flavonoid content of the extract obtained was 7.00%.Conclusion: The extraction efficiency of total flavonoids from Chinese date seeds is remarkably increased by microwave extraction and orthogonal array optimization.