Effect of Bi(III) concentration on the stripping voltammetric response of in situ bismuth-coated carbon paste and gold electrodes |
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Authors: | L Baldrianova M Vlcek S Sotiropoulos |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical-Technology, University of Pardubice, CZ-532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic b Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences and University of Pardubice, CZ-532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic c Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece |
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Abstract: | The effect of Bi(III) concentration (over the wide concentration range of 10−7 to 10−4 M) on the determination of Pb and Cd metal ions (in the 10−8 to 10−5 M range), by means of anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) at in situ bismuth-coated carbon paste (CPE) and gold electrodes, has been studied. It is shown that in square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) experiments the sensitivity of the technique generally depends on the Bi(III)-to-metal ion concentration ratio. It was found that, unlike the usually recommended at least 10-fold Hg(II) excess in anodic stripping experiments at in situ prepared mercury film electrodes, Bi(III)-to-metal ion ratios less than 10 are either optimal or equally effective at CPE and Au electrode substrates. Detection limits down to 0.1 μg L−1 for Pb(II) and 0.15 μg L−1 for Cd(II) were estimated at CPEs under conditions of small or moderate Bi(III) excess. Depending on Bi(III) concentration and deposition time, multiple stripping peaks attributed to Bi were recorded (especially in the case of Au substrates), indicating various forms of Bi deposits. |
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Keywords: | Bismuth film electrodes Carbon paste electrodes Gold electrodes Anodic stripping voltammetry |
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