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Efficient and stable subzero operation of a PEM fuel cell with a composite anode using hydrogen-methanol composition during freeze/thaw cycles |
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| Affiliation: | 1. National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova Sq., Moscow 123182, Russia;2. National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 14, Krasnokazarmennaya St., Moscow 111250, Russia;3. HySA Infrastructure Center of Competence, Faculty of Engineering, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa;4. A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28, Vavilova St., Moscow 119991, Russia;1. DST Hydrogen Infrastructure Center of Competence (HySA Infrastructure), Faculty of Engineering North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa;2. All-Russian Research Institute for Nuclear Power Plants Operation (VNIIAES), Ferganskaya St., 25, Moscow, 109507, Russia;3. School for Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa;4. Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering of NRNU «MEPhI», Studgorodok St., 1, Obninsk, 249040, Russia;1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering in Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, Henan, PR China;2. College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, PR China |
| Abstract: | The present research deals with the adaptation of hydrogen-air fuel cells with proton exchange membrane (PEMFC) to autonomous periodic operation at subzero ambient temperatures. The main goal of the research is to limit the influence of subzero temperatures on component integrity and electrochemical performance stability of PEMFC in the cause of the freeze-thaw (F/T) cycling test. The MEAs stability in cycling from subzero (?35 °C) to operating temperature (+35 °C) was ensured without any specific preparatory operations modeling the PEMFC stop and “cold start” procedure. This is provided through the use of hydrogen-methanol compositions (no more than 4 vol % of methanol vapor) as fuel and a composite anode. Advanced membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) based on the composite anode layer (Pt40/C + Pt20/10 wt%–SnO2/C) for efficient and stable subzero operation during F/T cycling. High stability of electrochemical performance of the MEA with the composite anode at subzero ambient temperatures is shown. Advantages of use a two-component fuel PEMFC for autonomous periodic operation at subzero ambient temperatures are highlighted. |
| Keywords: | PEM fuel Cell Composite anode active layer Hydrogen-methanol composition Subzero operation Freeze-thaw cycle Cold start |
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