Analysis of CRDI diesel engine characteristics operated on dual fuel mode fueled with biodiesel-hydrogen enriched producer gas under the single and multi-injection scheme |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, SDM College of Engineering and Technology, Dharwad, Karnataka, India;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, BVB College of Engineering and Technology, KLE Technological University, Hubli, Karnataka, India;3. Department of VLSI Microelectronics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 602105, Tamilnadu, India;4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Düzce University, 81620, Düzce, Türkiye;6. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, FEIT, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia;1. School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand;2. Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark;1. State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China;3. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Surface Engineering, School of Materials and Mechatronics, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, PR China;1. School of Integrated Circuits, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China;2. School of Information and Intelligent Engineering, Guangzhou Xinhua University, Dongguan, 523133, Guangdong, China;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Tripura, India;2. School of Mechanical Engineering, MIT Academy of Engineering, Alandi, Maharashtra, India;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tripura Institute of Technology Narsingarh, Tripura, India;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Padur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thanthai Periyar Government Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India |
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| Abstract: | The present work aims to investigate the consequences of pilot fuel (PF) multiple injections and hydrogen manifold injection (HMI) on the combustion and tailpipe gas characteristics of a common rail direct injection (CRDI) compression ignition (CI) engine operated on dual fuel (DF) mode. The CI engine can perform on a wide variety of fuels and under high pilot fuel (PF) pressure. Pilot fuel injection (PFI) is achieved at TDC, 5, 10, and 15ºCA before the top dead center (bTDC), and divided injection consists of injecting fuel in three different magnitudes on a time basis and PF is injected into the engine cylinder at a pressure of 600 bar. In this work, the hydrogen flow rate (HFR) was fixed at 8 lpm constant and producer gas was inducted without any restriction. The investigational engine setup has the ability to deliver a PF and hydrogen (H2) precisely in all operating circumstances using a separate electronic control unit (ECU). Results showed that diesel-hydrogen enriched producer gas (HPG) operation at maximum operating conditions provided amplified thermal efficiency by 4.01% with reduced emissions, except NOx levels, compared to biodiesel-HPG operation. Further, DiSOME with the multi-injection strategy of 60 + 20+20 and 50 + 25+25, lowered thermal efficiency by 4.8% and 9.12%, respectively compared to identical fuel combinations under a single injection scheme. However, reductions in NOx levels, cylinder pressure, and HRR were observed with a multi-injection scheme. It is concluded that multi-injection results in lower BTE, changes carbon-based emissions marginally, and decreases cylinder pressure and heat release rate than the traditional fuel injection method. |
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| Keywords: | Split injection Manifold injection Hydrogen Dairy scum biodiesel Multiple injections Combustion and emissions |
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