Methanation reactions for chemical storage and purification of hydrogen: Overview and structure-reactivity correlations in supported metals |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Kiel University, D-24118 Kiel, Germany;2. Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT Rostock), D-18059 Rostock, Germany;1. Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, 153 10, Athens, Greece;2. Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo, 9, 35131, Padova, Italy;3. Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padua, Italy;4. CNR-ICMATE, Via F. Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padua, Italy;1. Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;2. Energy Saving & Monitoring Technology Department, Greenhouse Systems Technology Center, ITRI Central Region Campus, Taiwan;1. São Carlos Federal University (UFSCar), Chemical Engineering Department (DEQ), Rod. Washington Luiz, km 235 – SP 310, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil;2. São Carlos Institute of Chemistry (IQSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense 400, CEP 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil;1. Collaborative Innovation Centre of the Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, 210044, Nanjing, PR China;2. College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China;3. Jiangsu ShuangLiang Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangyin, 214400, PR China;4. School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China;1. Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, D-89081 Ulm, Germany;2. Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany;3. Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT Rostock), D-18059 Rostock, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The drastic effects associated with climate changes, mainly induced by the increasing carbon emissions, challenge our modern society and mandate immediate solutions. This requires in the first place, accelerating the introduction of green alternatives for the standing carbon-based energy technologies, and simultaneously increasing the contribution of the carbon-free renewables to our energy sector. Among a few catalytic processes, the methanation of carbon oxides is currently envisaged as a cornerstone in the renewable energy concepts. On one hand, the methanation of CO is intensively studied for ultra-purification of reforming-generated hydrogen feed gases used in the low-temperature hydrogen fuel cells and in the production of ammonia. This involves the selective methanation of CO in CO2-rich H2 fuels to lower CO concentration from about 5000 ppm down to <5 ppm. The other major application involves the solo or the total methanation of CO and CO2. This involves the conversion of syngas or the methanation of air-captured CO2 using green hydrogen produced from renewable energies (power-to-gas). These aspects revive the importance of Sabatier reactions and presents them as an essential part of the cycle of renewable-energy applications. In this review, we will focus on the recent advancements of the methanation of CO and CO2 on oxide supported Ni and Ru catalysts in the frame of their use in the abovementioned applications. After an overview of different catalytic processes related to hydrogen production, we will basically concentrate on the structure-reactivity relationships of CO and CO2 methanation in different applications, highlighting limitations and advantages of different catalytic systems. Basically, we will map out the interplay of different electronic and structural features and correlate them to the catalytic performance for CO and CO2 methanation. This includes the discussion of metal particle size effect, nature of the support, and the effect of reaction gas atmospheres. Clarifying the interplay of these parameters will help us to further understand the metal-support interaction (MSI) based on structural (SMSIs) and electronic (EMSIs) aspects which is essential for steering the catalytic performance of these catalysts for a specific reaction pathway. |
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| Keywords: | Sabatier reactions Methanation Synthetic natural gas Power-to-gas Particle size effects Strong and electronic metal-support interaction (SMSIs, EMSIs) |
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