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Sol–gel synthesis and properties of multiferroic BiFeO3
Affiliation:1. Institute of Basic Science, Changwon National University, Changwon, Kyungnam 641-773, South Korea;2. Department of Physics, Changwon National University, Changwon, Kyungnam 641-773, South Korea;1. Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirapalli 620 015, India;2. Department of Materials Engineering, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile;1. Department of Glass and Ceramic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, India;2. S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West Bengal 700098, India;1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, No. 258 Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education District, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, PR China;2. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry, College of Marine of Science and Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, PR China;1. Nanotechnology Research Centre, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India;1. Department of Physics, BITS–Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal District, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India;2. Department of Electrical Engineering, BITS–Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal District, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
Abstract:High purity multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) powders were synthesized by sol–gel process using bismuth nitrate and iron nitrate as sources. The BFO powders annealed at 600 °C in nitrogen environment were mainly composed of a rhombohedral BiFeO3 phase (R-phase) with a minor impurity phase of Bi2O3. A pure BFO R-phase has been obtained by leaching out the minor Bi2O3 phase using diluted nitric acid. A reversible phase transformation of the BFO R-phase has been detected at 836 °C by a differential thermal analysis. The powders of BFO R-phase exhibits a uniform feature with the particle size of ∼200 nm. The dielectric constant of the BFO R-phase is measured to be ∼15 in the frequency range of 104∼106 Hz at room temperature.
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