Dynamic modelling and multi-objective optimization of off-grid hybrid energy systems by using battery or hydrogen storage for different climates |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Bursa Technical University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mimar Sinan Campus, Bursa, 16310, Turkey;2. Istanbul Technical University, Energy Institute, Maslak, TR-34469, Istanbul, Turkey;1. Bursa Technical University, Smart Grid Lab., Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 16300, Bursa, Turkey;2. TEIAS 2nd Regional Directorate Facility and Control Chief Engineering, Bursa, Turkey;1. ?skenderun Technical University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Mechatronics Department, Hatay, Turkey;2. Gaziantep University, Engineering Faculty, Mechanical Engineering Department, Gaziantep, Turkey;3. ?skenderun Technical University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Mechanical Eng. Department, Hatay, Turkey;4. Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, Ankara, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | The energy storage problem is an essential issue in renewable energy-based power systems. A comprehensive study is performed to evaluate off-grid hybrid renewable energy systems with a battery bank or a hydrogen system employed as the energy storage option. Dynamic modelling is proposed to see daily and seasonally changes in the system. The economic feasibility of the system and its environmental impacts are investigated in three locations. A multi-objective optimization method based on the Taguchi approach is employed to minimize both levelized cost of energy and the CO2 emissions. Various weight factors were assigned to understand the response of different optimization targets. The results highlight that the hybridization of energy resources allows the annual emissions to be cut by 68–78% for battery storage, 84–90% for hydrogen storage, compared to a diesel-only system. Despite having higher costs, the systems with hydrogen storage can store energy in the long term; therefore, they have lower CO2 emissions. |
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| Keywords: | Hydrogen Taguchi Hybrid energy systems Renewable energy Battery |
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