Numerical simulation of hydrogen leakage diffusion in seaport hydrogen refueling station |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Energy Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430063, Hubei, China;2. Reliability Engineering Institute, School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430063, Hubei, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430063, Hubei, China;4. National Engineering Research Center for Water Transport Safety (WTS Center), Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430063, Hubei, China;5. Academician Workstation of COSCO SHIPPING Group, Shanghai, 200135, China;6. The Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK;1. Department of Advanced Science and Technology, Toyota Technological Institute, 2-12-1 Hisakata, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8511, Japan;2. Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-city, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan;3. HySAFER Centre, Ulster University, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, UK;1. Department of Public Administration, Ajou University, Republic of Korea;2. Basic Research Laboratory Center, Kyunghee University, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Safety Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hannam University, 70 Hannam-ro, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon, 34430, Republic of Korea;1. Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Thermal Engineering Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, United States;1. College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China;2. College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China |
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| Abstract: | Ningbo's seaport hydrogen refueling station was used as the research object. The effects of different leakage angles, wind direction, roof shape, leakage hole diameters, temperature, and humidity on the diffusion of hydrogen leakage were studied by numerical simulation. The influence of leakage angle on hydrogen leakage is mainly reflected in the presence or absence of obstacles. The volume of the flammable hydrogen cloud was reduced by 31.16%, and the volume of the hazardous hydrogen cloud was reduced by 63.22% when there was no obstacle. The wind direction can significantly impact hydrogen leakage, with downwind and sidewind accelerating hydrogen discharge and reducing the risk. At the same time, headwind significantly increases the volume of the flammable hydrogen cloud. Compared with no wind, the volume of the flammable hydrogen cloud increased by 71.73% when headwind, but the volume of the hazardous hydrogen cloud decreased by 24.00%. If hydrogen shows signs of accumulation under the roof, the sloping roof can effectively reduce the hydrogen concentration under the roof and accelerate the hydrogen discharge. When the leakage angle θ = 90°, the sloping roof reduced the volume of the flammable hydrogen cloud by 11.74%. The leakage process was similar for different leak hole diameters in the no wind condition. The inverse of the molar fraction of hydrogen on the jet centerline was linearly related to the dimensionless axial distance of the jet in different cases. Using a least squares fit, the decay rate was obtained as 0.0039. In contrast, temperature and humidity have almost no effect on hydrogen diffusion. Hydrogen tends to accumulate on the lower surface of the roof, near the roof pillars and the hydrogen dispenser. In this paper, a set of hydrogen detector layout schemes was developed, and the alarm success rate was verified to be 83.33%. |
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| Keywords: | Hydrogen refueling station Hydrogen leakage High pressure underexpansion Numerical simulation Risk prediction |
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