高速弹丸轨迹精度影响因素研究

高速弹丸轨迹动力学建模结果的精度依赖于从测量数据中合理选择初值,但当前对初值的选取没有明确标准,无法保证得到高精度的建模结果。研究了测量轨迹全程的误差分布,为合理的初值选取提供了基本依据。基于误差传递理论对高速弹丸的雷达测量结果进行精度估计,采用零攻角三自由度模型进行弹道轨迹建模,确定对建模结果有影响的6个精度参数,并进行仿真计算,分析雷达测元误差和弹丸相对雷达的运动情况对测量轨迹精度的影响。整体而言,弹道轨迹精度与目标和雷达测站的相对关系及目标弹道特点有很强的相关关系。雷达测元误差对速度精度影响不大,位置精度的变化与测元变化趋势明显相关,x和z方向的误差逐步变小,而y方向的误差在末段明显增大。本研究结果有助于合理选择最优初值点,进而有助于提高建模结果精度。

Influence Factors of Trajectory Accuracy of High-Speed Projectile

The accuracy of dynamics modeling results of the high-speed projectile trajectory depends on the reasonable selection of initial values from the measured data.But there is currently no clear standard for the selection of initial values,so high precision modeling results cannot be guaranteed.The error distribution of the whole measurement trajectory was studied,which provided a basis for reasonable selection of initial values.Based on the error transfer theory,the accuracy of the radar measurement results of high-speed projectile was estimated,and the trajectory was modeled by the three-degree-of-freedom model with zero angle of attack.The six precision parameters that affect the modeling results were determined,and the simulation calculations were performed to analyze the influence of radar element errors and projectile motion relative to the radar on the accuracy of measured trajectory.On the whole,the trajectory accuracy has a strong correlation with the relative position between target and radar station and the characteristics of target trajectory.The error of radar element has little influence on the velocity accuracy,and the change of position accuracy is obviously related to the change trend of element.The errors in the x and z directions gradually decrease,while the errors in the y direction increase significantly at the end.The research results are helpful to reasonably select the optimal initial value point and thus improve the accuracy of the modeling results.