Carbon dioxide separation from high temperature fuel cell power plants |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Duranti 67, 06125, Perugia, Italy;2. Institute of Heat Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland;3. Department of Engineering for Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56122, Pisa, Italy;1. Graduate School, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea;2. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea;1. National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;2. Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;1. Energy Research Institute @ NTU, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore;2. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore;3. School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore;1. Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milano, Italy;2. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia;1. Politecnico di Milano, Department of Energy, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156 Milan, Italy;2. LEAP scarl, via Nino Bixio 27C, 29121, Piacenza, Italy |
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| Abstract: | High temperature fuel cell technologies, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs), are considered for their potential application to carbon dioxide emission control. Both technologies feature electrochemical oxidisation of natural gas reformed fuels, avoiding the mixture of air and fuel flows and dilution with nitrogen and oxygen of the oxidised products; a preliminary analysis shows how the different mechanism of ion transport attributes each technology a specific advantage for the application to CO2 separation. The paper then compares in the first part the most promising cycle configurations based on high efficiency integrated SOFC/gas turbine “hybrid” cycles, where CO2 is separated with absorption systems or with the eventual adoption of a second SOFC module acting as an “afterburner”. The second part of the paper discusses how a MCFC plant could be “retrofitted” to a conventional fossil-fuel power station, giving the possibility of draining the majority of CO2 from the stack exhaust while keeping the overall cycle electrical efficiency approximately unchanged. |
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