Effect of Li2CO3 additive on gas generation in lithium-ion batteries |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea;3. Battery Research Center, Research Park, LG Chemical Ltd., Taejon 305-380, South Korea;1. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China;2. Jiangxi Youli New Materials Co., Ltd, Pingxiang, Jiangxi 337000, PR China;1. School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing 100081, China;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi''an University of Technology, Xi''an 710048, China;2. Wuhan Xinxin Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation, 18 Gaoxin 4TH Road, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China;1. Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany;2. School of Engineering & Science, Jacobs University Bremen GmbH, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany;3. Professor Emeritus, Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 1, D-47048, Duisburg, Germany |
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| Abstract: | To elucidate the mechanism of gas generation during charge–discharge cycling of a lithium-ion cell, the generated gases and passive films on the carbon electrode are examined by means of gas chromatography (GC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In ethyl carbonate/dimethyl carbonate and ethyl carbonate/diethyl carbonate 1 M LiPF6 electrolytes, the detected gaseous products are CO2, CO, CH4, C2H4, C2H6, etc. The FTIR spectrum of the surface of the carbon electrode shows bands which correspond to Li2CO3, ROCO2Li, (ROCO2Li)2, and RCO2Li. These results suggest that gas evolution is caused by electrode decomposition, reactive trace impurities, and electrolyte reduction. The surface of the electrode is composed of electrolyte reduction products. When 0.05 M Li2CO3 is added as an electrolyte additive, the total volume of generated gases is reduced, and the discharge capacity and the conductivity of lithium-ions are increased. These results can be explained by a more compact and thin ‘solid electrolyte interface’ film on the carbon electrode formed by Li2CO3, which effectively prevents solvent co-intercalation and carbon exfoliation. |
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