水电站负荷优化分配的分解聚合原理及应用

厂内经济运行是提高水电站水能效率的关键,但复杂水力联系和约束条件是制约水电站负荷优化分配数学模型求解的难点。针对这一问题,以复杂引水系统的漳河水库水电站群为例,通过引水系统水力联系与动力指标关系分析,以分流结点为依据将系统分解为不同层次的子系统,建立了复杂引水系统水电站负荷优化分配数学模型;以相同机组段水头(或机组流量)为依据,将子系统内并(或串)联机组段聚合成"等效机组",提出了分层次递阶结构化的模型求解方法。该原理和方法不仅具有简洁清晰的特点,而且具有灵活性、实用性及通用性的优点,对于并行计算等现代技术解决大规模水电站群系统短期优化问题具有广阔的应用前景。实例应用验证了方法的有效性、稳定性和适应性。

Derivation of the aggregation-decomposition principle for optimal load distribution of hydropower station

Inner-plant economical operation is the key factor of improving water power utilization efficiency of hydropower station, while the solution to the optimal load distribution (OLD) model is heavily restricted by the complex hydraulic connection and constraints. Aiming at this issue,this paper presents an OLD mod-el for the hydropower station with complex conduit systems through analyzing the complex hydraulic connec-tion between the conduit systems and the relationship among units'' dynamic indexes and decomposing the complex system into different subsystems with imparity level according to the distributary node. Then this pa-per proposes a stratified hierarchical structured method to solve the complex conduit systems hydropower sta-tion OLD model by constituting the parallel units (series units) with the same unit-block water-head (unit flow) as an equivalent unit in subsystem. The principle and method are not only simple and clear, but al-so have some advantages such as flexibility,practicality and generality,which will lead to a promising pros-pect when it comes to the field of the parallel computing means dealing with the short-term optimal opera-tion problem of giant-scale hydropower plant groups. The efficiency, adaptation and stability of the princi-ple and method has been testified by the case study.