樟树籽油抗氧化能力及物质基础研究

植物油中天然抗氧化成分对油脂的加工、货架期及营养品质具有重要影响。为研究樟树籽油抗氧化活性及物质基础,本文分别对其脂肪酸组成、不皂化物含量、总酚含量和DPPH自由基清除率进行测定,分析总多酚及不皂化物对樟树籽油抗氧化活性的贡献率,明确樟树籽油抗氧化活性物质基础。结果表明,樟树籽油中主要为中链脂肪酸癸酸和月桂酸,二者含量占总脂肪酸的94.80%,不皂化物含量为0.55±0.01% ,总多酚含量为33.07 ±0.63 mg.kg_^-1。樟树籽油对DPPH自由基清除率的IC₅₀值为0.13 g.mL_^-1。相同质量浓度的樟树籽油、不皂化物和总多酚对DPPH自由基清除率分别为98.92±1.58%、38.49±0.66%、49.60±3.78%。因此,不皂化物及总酚对樟树籽油抗氧化贡献率分别为38.91%、50.14%。研究结果表明樟树籽油具有较强的抗氧化能力,其抗氧化活性物质主要为多酚类成分和不皂化物,二者对樟树籽油抗氧化能力的总贡献率高达89.05%。本研究初步明确了樟树籽油的抗氧化活性成分,可为樟树籽油的开发利用奠定基础。

Study on antioxidant ability and material basis of Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel oil

The natural antioxidant components in vegetable oils are important for the processing, shelf life and nutritional quality of oils. In order to investigate antioxidant activity and material basis of Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel oil (CCSKO), fatty acid composition, unsaponifiable matter, total phenols and DPPH free radical scavenging rate of CCSKO were determined, respectively; the contribution rate of total polyphenols and unsaponifiable matter to antioxidant activity of CCSKO was analyzed; the basis of active substances was defined.The results showed that the main fatty acids were decanoic acid and lauric acid in CCSKO, which accounted for 94.80% of the total fatty acids. The contents of unsaponifiable substance and total polyphenols were 0.55±0.01% and 33.07±0.63 mg?kg_^-1, respectively. The IC₅₀ value of CCSKO on DPPH free radical scavenging was 0.13 g?mL_^-1. In the condition of the same oil mass concentration, the DPPH radical scavenging rates of CCSKO, unsaponifiable matter and total polyphenols were 98.92±1.58%, 38.49±0.66% and 49.60±3.78%, respectively. Therefore, the contribution rates of unsaponifiable compounds and total phenols to antioxidant activity of camphor seed oil were 38.91% and 50.14%, respectively. According to the results, CCSKO has strong antioxidant capacity; the antioxidant substances are mainly phenolic composition and unsaponifiable matter, whose total contribution rate of antioxidant capacity for CCSKO is as high as 89.05%. This study preliminarily identified the antioxidant active components of CCSKO.The work could lay a foundation for the development and utilization of CCSKO.