新疆南疆引进鲜食枣品种品质性状的综合评价

采用主成分分析法对新疆南疆引进的13 个鲜食枣品种的主要品质性状（单果质量、果实硬度、果形指数、可食率、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量、可滴定酸含量、VC含量、蛋白质含量、糖酸比）进行了分析，为南疆筛选适合栽培的鲜食枣品种。结果表明，不同鲜食枣品种的果实品质存在明显差异，果实单果质量、可滴定酸含量、糖酸比的变异系数较大，果实可食率变异系数较小，部分品质性状之间存在简单的相关性；主成分分析提取出4 个主成分，累计方差贡献率为86.224%；评价结果表明，金陵圆枣、早脆王、冬枣和梨枣4 个品种的综合品质最好，月光和胎里红的品质相对较差，评价结果与这些品种的实际表现基本一致。主成分分析可以较好地用于鲜食枣品种品质性状的综合评价。

Comprehensive Assessment of Quality Characteristics of Introduced Table Jujube Cultivars in Southern Xinjiang

To select the table jujube cultivars suitable for cultivation in Southern Xinjiang, evaluation of 13 table jujube
cultivars introduced was carried out by comparison of fruit quality traits on the base of principal component analysis,
including single fruit weight, fruit firmness, fruit shape index, edible part ratio, soluble solid content, soluble sugar content,
titratable acidity, vitamin C content, protein content and sugar/acid ratio. The results showed significant differences in
fruit quality among the cultivars. The coefficients of variation (CV) of single fruit weight, titratable acidity, and sugar/acid
ratio were larger than those of other indices, and the CV value of edible part ratio was small. There was simple correlation
between some quality traits. In principal component analysis, 4 principal components were extracted, with a total cumulative
contribution rate of 86.224%. The cultivars with excellent comprehensive quality were Jinlingyuanzao, Zaocuiwang,
Dongzao and Lizao, and the poor cultivars were Yueguang and Tailihong. These results were similar to practical phenotype
of jujube cultivars. Principal component analysis was quite suitable for the comprehensive assessment of table jujube quality.