Effects of different needles and substrates on CuInS2 deposited by electrostatic spray deposition |
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Authors: | S RoncalloJD Painter MJF HealySA Ritchie MV FinnisKD Rogers JJ ScraggPJ Dale G Zoppi |
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Affiliation: | a Centre for Materials Science and Engineering, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, Swindon, SN6 8LA, UKb Department of Engineering Systems and Management, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, Swindon SN6 8LA, UKc Cranfield Health, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UKd University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UKe Laboratoire Photovoltaique, University of Luxembourg, 41 Rue du Brill, L-4422, Belvaux, Luxembourgf Northumbria Photovoltaics Applications Centre, Northumbria, University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK |
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Abstract: | Copper indium disulphide (CuInS2) thin films were deposited using the electrostatic spray deposition method. The effects of applied voltage and solution flow rate on the aerosol cone shape, film composition, surface morphology and current conversion were investigated. The effect of aluminium substrates and transparent fluorine doped tin oxide (SnO2:F) coated glass substrates on the properties of as-deposited CuInS2 films were analysed. An oxidation process occurs during the deposition onto the metallic substrates which forms an insulating layer between the photoactive film and substrate. The effects of two different spray needles on the properties of the as-deposited films were also studied. The results reveal that the use of a stainless steel needle results in contamination of the film due to the transfer of metal impurities through the spray whilst this is not seen for the glass needle. The films were characterised using a number of different analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Rutherford back-scattering and secondary ion mass spectroscopy and opto-electronic measurements. |
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Keywords: | CuInS2 Electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) Coating uniformity Solar cells Deposition conditions Needles Substrates |
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