我国水资源管理及其关键问题初探

我国水问题叠加和累积影响日渐严重，而我国现行的水资源管理在管理体系、政策法规、规划与计划、管理制度和关键技术方面并不能综合应对各种水问题。分析了我国水资源特征及其生态环境问题，概述了水资源管理历程和实施最严格的水资源管理制度，并剖析存在问题，深入探讨了变化环境下水资源系统演变机制的系统识别、面向极值过程的水资源配置与调度、基于总量控制与“三条红线”的水生态环境调控、全面推进水务管理和水利工程综合应对气候变化的关键技术等问题。

Water resources management and its key issues in China

The accumulated influences of water problems in China are becoming serious, and current water management system in China could not settle these problems successfully and synthetically in areas of management system, policies and regulations, planning and programming, management institution and key technology. This article will analyze the characteristics and eco-environment problems of water resources in China. Besides, it will summarize the development course of water resources management and the implementation of most stringent water resources management pattem, analyze existent problems, and probe into key issues such as the system identification of water resources evolution mechanism in the background of changing environment, water resources allocation and scheduling oriented to extremal process, hydroecological environment control on the basis of total amount control and the principle of three red lines, key technologies of comprehensively advancing of water affairs management and integrated hydraulic engineering capacity for coping with climate changes.